Week 2 — Readings & Resources

Human Anatomy and Physiology I Free sample edition

Your primary reading is Chapter 2 (in this module). Everything below is the optional, go-deeper layer — pick what helps, skip the rest.

How to use this page

This page has 10 items (4 readings and 6 videos). Allow 61–69 minutes for everything. Each group points back to the matching chapter section and class-session segment, so use the full menu when you want more, or take the quick path below.

Every video here has captions: turn them on with the CC button in the player. The chapter covers the same ideas in text.

Pick-one quick path (20–23 min total)

① Telling the three bonds apart

Chapter 2, Section “Sort the three bonds: transfer, share, attract” · Session 1, Segment 2, “Three bonds: transfer, share, attract” · Remember: ionic bonds transfer an electron, covalent bonds share pairs, and hydrogen bonds are a weak pull between molecules.

Atomic Hook-Ups - Types of Chemical Bonds: Crash Course Chemistry #22 — CrashCourse — a quick, joke-filled tour of how atoms bond, with ionic and covalent bonds as the main event; listen for transfer versus share, and treat its extra bond types as more than this course needs. (video, 10 min) (captions: creator)
Hydrogen Bonding in Water — Wayne Breslyn (Dr. B.) — a short simulation-based look at why oxygen's stronger pull makes water polar and how one molecule's slightly positive hydrogen is drawn to the next molecule's oxygen; pause when the dotted attraction appears and say which bond is inside the molecule and which is between. (video, 5 min) (captions: automatic)

② Why water does so many jobs

Chapter 2, Section “Picture water: polarity and four jobs” · Session 1, Segment 3, “Water and its four jobs” · Remember: water's polarity makes it a solvent, a heat sink, a lubricant, and a reactant.

Water, the Universal Solvent — U.S. Geological Survey — a plain-language page on why water dissolves so many substances, including how its uneven charge pulls salt's sodium and chloride apart; as you read, connect it to the chapter's solvent job and to the δ− oxygen and δ+ hydrogens. Use it while working through the Week-2 module overview. (reading, 5–8 min)

③ Counting pH steps and holding the line

Chapter 2, Section “Hold the line: acids, bases, and buffers” · Session 2, Segment 5, “Acids, bases, and buffers” · Remember: each whole pH step is tenfold, and buffers and breathing hold blood between 7.35 and 7.45.

pH Scale, Clinical Chemistry — Dr Matt & Dr Mike — a whiteboard explainer on why the pH scale runs from 0 to 14 and why it matters for the body; check its tenfold idea against the chapter's count-the-steps method. (video, 5 min) (captions: automatic)
Bicarbonate Buffer System — Dr Matt & Dr Mike — a whiteboard walk through how the bicarbonate system takes up extra hydrogen ions and how carbon dioxide ties it to breathing. This builds on Week 1's work with homeostasis: watch for the change being reversed, the same direction as a negative feedback loop. (video, 6 min) (captions: automatic)
Ocean acidification — National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration — a short page on how carbon dioxide dissolving in seawater lowers its pH, with the same chemistry the chapter traces in blood; read the part on the pH scale and notice how a drop of a fraction of a unit is described in words as a real rise in acidity. (reading, 4–6 min)
Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) Test — MedlinePlus — a federal health page on the blood test that reads the blood's acid-base balance; read the opening section, where too much acid in the blood is called acidosis and too much base is called alkalosis, then find the normal pH range under the results and check it against the chapter's 7.35 to 7.45. Skip the parts on how the sample is taken. (reading, 3–5 min)

④ Building blocks and the energy molecule

Chapter 2, Section “Name the building blocks: organic compounds and ATP” · Session 2, Segment 6, “Organic compounds and ATP” · Remember: each class has its own building block, except the lipid, and ATP releases energy when a phosphate is split off.

Biological Molecules - You Are What You Eat: Crash Course Biology #3 — CrashCourse — a fast episode on carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins and the pieces each one is built from; listen for how a protein's shape follows from its chain of amino acids, and notice that it does not give lipids a single repeating building block. (video, 14 min) (captions: creator)
ATP - Adenosine Triphosphate - Cell Energy — The Organic Chemistry Tutor — a board-work tutorial on the parts of ATP, adenine, ribose, and three phosphate groups, and on energy being released when a phosphate group is split off; stop when it moves into reaction energy terms the chapter does not use. (video, 7 min) (captions: automatic)

Optional one-stop reference (free online reference)

Amino Acids — National Human Genome Research Institute Talking Glossary — the course's free glossary of genetic terms, open at the entry on the building blocks of proteins; read the short definition and the note on how amino acids link into chains, and skip the related-term links. (reading, 2–3 min)

Heads-up (links rot): these point to outside sites that occasionally move or rename pages. If a link ever fails, tell your instructor and use the reference above in the meantime.

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