Week 4 Quiz

A family at a prenatal clinic visit asks when the heart and the other major organs and body structures take shape. Which prenatal period does the course name?

Select one.

• The fetal period, about week 9 until birth
• The embryonic period, about weeks 3 to 8
• The germinal period, about the first two weeks
• No single period; each organ forms evenly across all three

True or false: a teratogen is equally harmful at every point in pregnancy, so the timing of an exposure does not change its effect.

True or false.

• True
• False

Record R1 (illustrative) is written in two columns, as in Week 3: what was observed, and what it might show. Which entry belongs in the column for what was observed?

Select one.

• The newborn is healthy and will develop well
• The newborn shows a strong, healthy temperament
• The scores show the newborn is ahead of most babies
• Turns toward a cheek touch and opens the mouth

Labor is described in three stages. What happens in the third stage?

Select one.

• The cervix gradually opens
• The baby is born
• The placenta is delivered
• The newborn is scored at 1 and 5 minutes

A health handout must quote the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's statement on alcohol during pregnancy exactly. Which sentence is the CDC's statement?

Select one.

• "There is no known safe amount of alcohol use during pregnancy."
• "A small amount of alcohol is safe after the first trimester."
• "Alcohol is harmful only during the embryonic period."
• "Wine and beer in moderation pose no known risk during pregnancy."

Record R1 (illustrative) gives a newborn's Apgar signs at 1 minute: heart rate 2, breathing effort 2, muscle tone 1, reflex response 1, skin color 1. What is the 1-minute total?

Select one.

• 6
• 8
• 7
• 9

At 5 minutes, record R1's signs are heart rate 2, breathing effort 2, muscle tone 2, reflex response 2, skin color 1, for a total of 9, up from 7 at 1 minute. Which signs rose between the two checks? Select all that apply.

Select every option that applies.

• Heart rate
• Muscle tone
• Reflex response (grimace)
• Skin color
• Breathing effort

A relative hears that a newborn scored 7 on the Apgar at 1 minute and worries about the child's future in school. Which reading follows the course?

Select one.

• The 7 is below normal, so the child is likely to need extra help with learning
• The 7 is in the normal range and describes the newborn's condition right after birth
• The 7 shows the baby was born preterm, before 37 completed weeks
• The 7 predicts an average level of intelligence later in childhood

An illustrative newborn is born at 38 completed weeks of pregnancy and weighs 2,400 grams. Using the World Health Organization's definitions, which description fits?

Select one.

• Low birth weight, but not preterm
• Preterm, but not low birth weight
• Both preterm and low birth weight
• Neither preterm nor low birth weight

A grandparent says a baby will be tall "because it's all in the genes." Which statement fits how this course treats nature and nurture?

Select one.

• Genes decide height alone; the environment matters only after the child starts school
• The environment decides height alone, so genes play no part before birth
• Nature and nurture compete, and whichever is stronger in a family wins out
• Genes and environment work together, beginning in the uterus