Week 5 Quiz

A parent reads that a baby's brain removes many connections between neurons in the first years and worries that the baby is being harmed. Which statement fits what this course teaches about synaptic pruning?

Select one.

• Pruning is a sign of damage, so a healthy brain keeps every connection it forms.
• Pruning removes connections that go unused and strengthens the ones a child uses.
• Pruning is the fatty coating that wraps nerve fibers and speeds signals.
• Pruning happens only when a baby lacks experience, so it is never part of typical growth.

In record R1 of the running case (illustrative), written in a hospital birthing room, the newborn turns toward a touch on the cheek and opens the mouth. Which newborn reflex does this behavior show?

Select one.

• The Moro reflex
• The palmar grasp reflex
• The Babinski reflex
• The rooting reflex

Newborn reflexes such as the Moro startle are learned in the first weeks by watching caregivers.

True or false.

• True
• False

Which of these movements is a fine motor skill?

Select one.

• Picking up a small piece of food between thumb and finger
• Sitting without support
• Walking alone across a room
• Crawling on hands and knees

The WHO Multicentre Growth Reference Study Group (2006) reported windows of achievement for six gross motor milestones. Which window did it report for walking alone, from the 1st to the 99th percentile?

Select one.

• 3.8 to 9.2 months
• 8.2 to 17.6 months
• Exactly 12 months
• 5.2 to 13.5 months

The WHO window of achievement for walking alone runs from 8.2 months (the 1st percentile) to 17.6 months (the 99th percentile). How wide is that window?

Select one.

• 8.2 months
• 17.6 months
• 25.8 months
• 9.4 months

Record R3 of the running case (illustrative) was written at 14 months, at a childcare center's morning drop-off, and says the toddler walks alone. Which reading fits this course?

Select one.

• The toddler is late, because children walk at 12 months.
• The toddler is ahead of most children and will develop faster later.
• The age falls inside the walking-alone window, a range rather than a deadline.
• The toddler must have crawled first, since crawling comes before walking.

Which statement matches the American Academy of Pediatrics' 2022 safe sleep policy statement as this course states it?

Select one.

• Place babies on their backs for every sleep until age 1, on a firm, flat surface.
• Place babies on the stomach for naps if they sleep better that way.
• Place babies on their sides for naps and on their backs at night.
• Place babies on a soft, cushioned surface so they stay comfortable.

Record R2 of the running case (illustrative) was written at 9 months in the family home with a parent present. Which line belongs in the behavior column of the record rather than the interpretation column?

Select one.

• Shows gross motor skills inside the WHO windows for sitting and crawling
• Seems more advanced than other babies the observer has seen
• Has a well-pruned brain that is ready to walk soon
• Sits without support and crawls on hands and knees

Record R1's 1-minute Apgar signs are heart rate 2, breathing effort 2, muscle tone 1, reflex response 1, and skin color 1. What is R1's total Apgar score at 1 minute?

Select one.

• 5
• 7
• 9
• 10