Week 15 Quiz

A runner trains before sunrise six days a week, loves it, and keeps up with work and school. Checking the three D's, what does this scene show?

Select one.

• Distress, dysfunction, and deviance, because training that often is far outside the norm
• Deviance only, so it is not a disorder
• Deviance and dysfunction, because an unusual habit always disrupts daily life somewhere
• None of them, because exercise can never count as deviance from cultural norms

In the weeks after a grandparent dies, a student cries most evenings and misses two days of class. The scene shows distress and dysfunction but not deviance. Why does the course conclude this is grief, not a disorder?

Select one.

• Because a pattern must show all three D's before anyone may even discuss it as a possible disorder
• Because two missed days of class are far too small to count as any kind of dysfunction
• Because sadness after a loss is expected, and context decides what the count means
• Because grief is a purely biological reaction, so the three D's never apply to it

Which statement best describes the DSM-5-TR (American Psychiatric Association, 2022)?

Select one.

• A shared system that names categories of conditions
• A checklist students can use on their own to diagnose friends and family members accurately
• A list of labels that describe what kind of person someone is at heart
• A treatment manual that assigns one required therapy to every disorder it lists

A headline reads: "Local schizophrenic has split personality, neighbors say." Which correction fits this course?

Select one.

• Keep the wording, because a diagnosis is an accurate and useful label for a whole person
• Replace "split personality" with "multiple personalities," which is the more precise clinical term
• Drop the word "local," because naming where the person lives is the only real problem
• Use person-first language; the condition involves psychosis, not a split personality

The commuter's pattern is sudden waves of intense fear on the bus for months, plus walking an hour to avoid the bus. Which statement reasons about it the way the course does?

Select one.

• The commuter has panic disorder, so the next step is to start the commuter on medication right away
• The commuter is an anxiety case, because all three D's are present and have lasted for months
• The pattern fits the anxiety-disorders category; only a professional can diagnose
• The pattern cannot be placed in any category at all until the commuter misses even more shifts

Two coworkers lose their jobs in the same layoff. Months later, only the coworker with a family history of depressive disorders has developed a lasting low mood. What does the diathesis–stress model say about this?

Select one.

• A vulnerability and the stress acted together; neither alone is usually enough
• The layoff alone caused the disorder, so the family history played no part in what happened
• The family history alone caused the disorder, so the layoff played no part in what happened
• The coworker with the low mood did not try hard enough to cope, which shows a weakness of character

A therapist says, "I hear how hard this has been, and I'm with you as you sort it out," offering empathy, genuineness, and unconditional positive regard. Which therapy is this, and which family of personality theory does it come from?

Select one.

• Psychodynamic therapy, from the psychodynamic family
• Behavior therapy, from the social-cognitive family
• Cognitive-behavioral therapy, from the trait family
• Client-centered therapy, from the humanistic family

A therapist says, "Let's explore what this fear might connect to from earlier in your life." Which therapy does this sentence reflect, and what is its core idea?

Select one.

• Client-centered therapy, which offers warm acceptance and empathy without any judgment of the person
• Psychodynamic therapy, which brings hidden conflicts into awareness
• Exposure therapy, which brings gradual, safe, repeated contact with exactly what a person fears
• Biomedical therapy, which acts on the body, most often through prescription medication

One therapist says, "This week, let's ride one stop, then two." Another says, "When your heart races, you think 'I'm in danger.' What is the evidence for that thought?" Which pairing is correct?

Select one.

• The first is CBT and the second is exposure therapy
• Both are psychodynamic therapy, because both explore the fear
• The first is exposure therapy and the second is cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)
• Both are biomedical therapy, because both aim to calm the racing heart

Researchers test CBT for a fear of riding the bus. Volunteers are placed in CBT or a waitlist control group by chance, and the outcome is the number of bus rides taken in a week. What allows a difference in rides to be traced to the therapy?

Select one.

• Random assignment, so the groups start out alike
• Random sampling, which makes the volunteers represent every commuter in the whole city
• Measuring bus rides, which turns the therapy condition into the dependent variable
• Asking volunteers afterward whether they feel better, which proves the therapy worked