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Introduction to Philosophy

15 instructional weeks + finals week (Week 1–Week 16) Free sample edition

Built with The Course Maker · samples.thecoursemaker.com

This is a complete course: fifteen instructional weeks and a finals week, every student component, built with The Course Maker and ready to import. Weeks are relative (Week 1 to Week 16); you set the dates when you import it. Browse the whole thing below. Click any piece to read it in full, then click back to return here.

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Free sample edition. No instructor, institution, or term identity appears anywhere in this edition, by design. The syllabus carries fill-in slots (instructor name, contact, office hours, institution policies) for the adopting instructor to make it their own. (Original objectives written from the standard Introduction to Philosophy body of knowledge; not copied from any school's course outline.)
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This course is free, complete, and evergreen, and it is yours to keep; free downloads run through June 30, 2028. Students pay $0 for course materials: the readings and videos are links to freely available resources.

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Included in every course

  • ChapterRequired

    Required in every course. Every module presents the same content in three ways — a chapter to read, a slide deck with speaker notes, and captioned videos — so each student can choose how to take it in. The course is designed to reflect UDL's multiple means of representation, and the alignment report describes this to your curriculum committee.

  • Slide deck with speaker notesRequired

    Required in every course. Every module presents the same content in three ways — a slide deck with speaker notes, a chapter to read, and captioned videos — so each student can choose how to take it in. The course is designed to reflect UDL's multiple means of representation, and the alignment report describes this to your curriculum committee.

  • Captioned video linksRequired

    Required in every course. Every module presents the same content in three ways — captioned videos, a chapter to read, and a slide deck with speaker notes — so each student can choose how to take it in. The course is designed to reflect UDL's multiple means of representation, and the alignment report describes this to your curriculum committee. We link videos only when a caption track exists (from the creator or generated automatically), and we never host them.

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The syllabus

Policies, schedule, and grading

Read the full course syllabusPolicies, the week-by-week schedule, grading, and the bring-your-own-AI rules, with fill-in slots for the adopting instructor.→
Weighted gradebook

Assignment groups & weights

Configured in the export — the gradebook is set the moment the course is imported.

Assignment groupWeightNotes
Tutorials & Practice10%
Quizzes10%
Workshops20%
Assignments25%
Discussions15%
Exams20%
Total100%Letter Standard
Objectives & outcomes

What students will be able to do

Objective 1

Explain what philosophy is, name its main branches, and describe the Socratic practice of examining beliefs through questioning and argument.

Objective 2

Identify arguments, put them in standard form, judge whether they are valid, sound, or inductively strong, and test claims with counterexamples and thought experiments.

Objective 3

Explain central positions in metaphysics and epistemology — Plato's Forms, rationalism and empiricism, skepticism, and the analysis of knowledge — and evaluate the arguments for them.

Objective 4

Compare positions on the mind-body problem, personal identity, and free will, and evaluate them with the thought experiments that test them.

Objective 5

Evaluate the classic arguments for and against the existence of God and the relationship between faith and reason.

Objective 6

Explain and apply the major ethical theories — utilitarianism, Kantian deontology, virtue ethics, and social contract theory — and the challenges of relativism and egoism, to moral cases.

Objective 7

Compare social contract theories and theories of justice and liberty, from Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau to Mill, Rawls, and Nozick.

Objective 8

Describe central ideas of Confucian, Daoist, Buddhist, and ubuntu philosophy, and compare them with the European tradition without ranking.

Objective 9

Explain existentialist and other answers to the question of life's meaning, and write a reasoned position on a philosophical question that answers the strongest objection to it.

SLO A

Argument analysis — reconstruct a philosophical argument in standard form, judge its validity and the plausibility of its premises, and test it with a counterexample or a thought experiment, stating the result in one plain sentence.

SLO B

Fair interpretation and accurate sourcing — state a position as its strongest defenders would, attribute every view, work, and thought experiment correctly, quote only from a verified text, and check any claim about a philosopher, including AI output, against the source.

How this course is built — read this first

Every teaching module carries the same set, in the order a student meets it: a Start Here overview, the chapter (the primary reading), the lecture (titled “Lecture: <module title>”), the slide deck with speaker notes, readings & resources (links only), the lecture tutorial and practice exercises worked with an AI tutor, the quiz, the discussion and the assignment, and the weekly Philosophy Workshop. Exams: the midterm in Week 8 and the final in Week 16, a finals week with no module.

The discussion and the assignment each ship in both formats: the adaptive version is the published, graded item, and its traditional alternative (no AI) is a separate item that ships unpublished beside it. An instructor who prefers the traditional format publishes it and unpublishes or deletes the adaptive one.

What you see here is every student page. The instructor pack (answer keys and worked solutions, rubric calibration, image prompts, audio-brief scripts, and the alignment report) ships only in the download, never on this site.

Adaptive and traditional

Discussions & assignments: both formats in every module

Same learning objective either way; what changes is how the work happens.

Adaptive · published

Work it through with an approved chatbot

The student does the work in a guided conversation with an approved chatbot, using a copy-paste prompt the course provides. For a discussion, the AI is a Socratic partner that challenges their thinking and never writes the post. For an assignment, the AI is a coach: it asks questions, checks the reasoning shown, and waits for the student to revise. The student submits the chat link with the required summary or report.

Traditional alternative (no AI) · unpublished

The familiar way, one click away

The student does the work themselves and submits it, and the instructor grades it against the rubric. No AI required. It ships unpublished, opening with a one-line note to the instructor; publish it instead of the adaptive version if you prefer.

All 16 weeks

Every week, every component

Each week is a heading; every component under it links to the full student page. Week 8 is a teaching module that also carries the midterm bundle; Week 16 is the finals week, with the final exam bundle and no module.

01
Week 1

What Philosophy Is: Socrates and the Examined Life

philosophy as the examination of fundamental questions by argumentthe branches: metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, logic, political philosophy, aestheticsSocrates' trial and death (399 BCE) and Plato's Apologythe Socratic method: questioning a definition with a counterexamplehow to read a primary text in translation
02
Week 2

Arguments and Thought Experiments

premises and conclusions; standard formdeductive validity and soundness; inductive strengthvalid and invalid forms: modus ponens, denying the consequent, hypothetical and disjunctive syllogism, and the categorical syllogism; denying the antecedent and the invalid categorical patterncounterexamples to arguments and to definitionsthought experiments as tests of claims and intuitions; reading an argument charitably
03
Week 3

Plato: Reality and the Forms

Plato's dialogues and Socrates as their speakerthe theory of Forms: appearance and realitythe allegory of the cave (Republic, Book VII)the story of Gyges' ring (Republic, Book II), introducedwhat the Forms explain and the objections to them
04
Week 4

Knowledge I: Doubt, Reason, and Experience

rationalism and empiricismDescartes' Meditations (1641): methodical doubt, the dream argument, and the evil deceiver'I think, therefore I am' in the Discourse (1637), and the Second Meditation's conclusion, said in words, that the proposition that he exists is necessarily true whenever he thinks itLocke's empiricism: the mind as white paperHume and the problem of induction
05
Week 5

Knowledge II: What Knowledge Is

the analysis of knowledge as justified true beliefGettier's cases (1963)a priori and a posteriori knowledgetheories of justification and replies to skepticism: foundationalism, coherentism, reliabilismwhy a definition can fail to a single counterexample
06
Week 6

The Mind-Body Problem

substance dualism and the problem of interactionphysicalism and the identity theoryfunctionalism and the Turing test, in wordsNagel's bat (1974) and Jackson's Mary (1982)Searle's Chinese room (1980) and machine understanding
07
Week 7

Personal Identity and Free Will

the ship of Theseus and identity over timeLocke's memory theory and the Buddhist teaching of no-selfdeterminism, hard determinism, libertarianism, and compatibilismFrankfurt's cases (1969) and moral responsibilitywhat a self must be for responsibility to make sense
08
Week 8 Midterm

Midterm Review & Exam

cumulative review of Weeks 1 to 7 organized by the one distinction each topic asks for: valid vs. sound, deductive vs. inductive, rationalism vs. empiricism, a priori vs. a posteriori, belief vs. knowledge, dualism vs. physicalism, determinism vs. fatalismlight new material: Pascal's wager (Pensées, 1670) as a bridge to the philosophy of religionthe midterm exam

The midterm exam bundle

09
Week 9

Philosophy of Religion

the ontological argument (Anselm, Proslogion)the cosmological argument (Aquinas's first three ways)the design argument (Paley, 1802) and Hume's objectionsthe problem of evil (Mackie, 1955), logical and evidentialfaith and reason; the wager recalled
10
Week 10

Ethics I: Relativism, God, and Self-Interest

descriptive and normative moral questions; Hume's is-ought problemcultural relativism: descriptive vs. normativedivine command theory and the Euthyphro dilemmapsychological and ethical egoismthe ring of Gyges: why be moral?
11
Week 11

Ethics II: Utilitarianism

consequentialism and utilitarianismBentham (1789): pleasure and painMill: the Greatest Happiness Principle and higher pleasuresact and rule utilitarianism; objectionsSinger's drowning child (1972)
12
Week 12

Ethics III: Kant, Virtue, and the Trolley Problem

Kant's Groundwork (1785): duty, maxims, hypothetical and categorical imperativesthe formulas of universal law and of humanityAristotle's virtue ethics: eudaimonia and the meanFoot's runaway tram (1967) and Thomson's trolley problem (1976)comparing the theories on one case
13
Week 13

Political Philosophy: The State, Justice, and Liberty

Hobbes (1651): the state of nature and the sovereignLocke: natural rights and consent; Rousseau (1762): the general willMill's harm principle (On Liberty, 1859)Rawls (1971): the original position and the veil of ignoranceNozick (1974): entitlement and the minimal state
14
Week 14

Philosophy Beyond Europe

Confucian ethics: ren, li, and the junziDaoism: the dao and wu weiBuddhist philosophy: the Four Noble Truths and no-selfubuntu: a person is a person through other personscomparing traditions without ranking them
15
Week 15

Existentialism, the Meaning of Life, and the Course Synthesis

Sartre: existence precedes essenceCamus (1942): the absurd and SisyphusBeauvoir: freedom and the situation, in wordsanswers to the question of life's meaningthe course synthesis: the fifteen thought experiments and a reasoned position defended against its strongest objection